This study attempts to broaden our understanding of the
participants' strategies, namely, the repair initiation and operation methods used for
fixing the broken surface of interactions in ELF, particularly in the case of extended repair
sequences with multiple OIRs. Our findings reveal that when a repair is launched by an interlocutor on basic
vocabulary without identifying the trouble source, the recipient of the repair initiator
makes a judgment on the source of the problem. This suggests that explicit instruction on communication strategies for reducing interactional barriers would assist learners in resolving such issues.